Puzzles A31 ... A40

Part A — Loop Problems

These puzzles involve functions that contain loops.

Puzzle A31 — function to print a line of N stars

[E-3]Write a function that prints a line of N stars followed by an end of line. N is the parameter of the function. Here is the output of the function when N is 8:

********

Here is a skeleton of the function and a main() program that exercises it:

#include <stdio.h>

void starLine( int n )
{
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
  starLine( 8 );  
  
  system("PAUSE");	
  return 0;
}

Puzzle A32 — Centered Row

[E-5]Write center(char ch, int count, int length) which prints count number of characters in the center of a line of length characters. Make the other characters of the line blank (or dot, for debugging purposes.) Here is the output for center('*', 5, 13)

....*****....

Here is a testing framework:

#include <stdio.h>

void center(char ch, int count, int length)
{
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
  center('*', 5, 13);  
  
  system("PAUSE");	
  return 0;
}

Puzzle A33 — print an R by C block of stars

[E-3]Write a function that prints a block of R rows of C stars. If R is 5 and C is 7 the function prints:

*******
*******
*******
*******
*******
*******
*******

Write the function so that it uses starLine() from the first puzzle. Here is a skeleton of the function and a main() program that exercises it:

#include <stdio.h>

void starLine( int n )
{
}

void starBlock( int rows, int cols )
{
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
  starBlock( 5, 7 );  
  
  system("PAUSE");	
  return 0;
}

Puzzle A34 — Left Pyramid

[E-5]Write a function that prints a pyramid of B blocks. Each block is an N by 2N-1 rectangle, starting with N=1 and going up to N=B:

*
***
***
*****
*****
*****
*******
*******
*******
*******
*********
*********
*********
*********
*********
***********
***********
***********
***********
***********
***********

Use the previous function starBlock(), to build the pyramid.

#include <stdio.h>

void starLine( int n )
{
}

void starBlock( int rows, int cols )
{
}

void pyramid( int blocks )
{
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
  pyramid( 7 );  
  
  system("PAUSE");	
  return 0;
}

Puzzle A35 — Centered Pyramid

[E-7]Modify the previous program so that it prints a centered pyramid:

    *
   ***
   ***
  *****
  *****
  *****
 *******
 *******
 *******
 *******
*********
*********
*********
*********
*********

Use the function center() from the second puzzle. You will need to modify pyramid() and starBlock().

Puzzle A36 — print centered triangle

[E-5]Write a function that prints a centered triangle created by printed several centered rows of a specified character. The parameters to the function are the number of rows and the character to print. Use center() .

    *
   ***
  *****
 *******
*********

Each row of the triangle has an odd number of characters.

#include <stdio.h>

void center(char ch, int count, int length)
{
}

void triangle(char ch, int rows)
{
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
  triangle('*', 5);  
  
  system("PAUSE");	
  return 0;
}

Puzzle A37 — print centered truncated triangle

[E-5]Write a function that prints a centered triangle with a base of N characters and a top row of T characters. The triangle is centered in a row of length number of characters (although trailing blanks are not printed.)

      ***
     *****
    *******
   *********

Each row of the triangle has an odd number of characters.

#include <stdio.h>

void center(char ch, int count, int length)
{
}

void truncTriangle(char ch, int base, int top, int length)
{
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
  truncTriangle('*', 9, 3, 17);  
  
  system("PAUSE");	
  return 0;
}

Puzzle A38 — print a shaggy centered truncated triangle

[M-10]As above, write a function that prints a centered triangle with a base of N characters and a top row of T characters. But now, use a different character for the first half of each line, the center, and the last half of each line.

          ///|\\\
         ////|\\\\
        /////|\\\\\
       //////|\\\\\\
      ///////|\\\\\\\
     ////////|\\\\\\\\

Each row of the triangle has an odd number of characters. You will have to modify center().

#include <stdio.h>

void center(char left, char cent, char right, int count, int length)
{
}

void shaggyTruncTriangle(char left, char cent, char right, int base, int top, int length)
{
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
  shaggyTruncTriangle('/', '|', '\\', 17, 7, 27);   
  
  system("PAUSE");	
  return 0;
}

The character constant '\\' in the above means just a single backslash. Since backslash is used as an escape character, two in a row are needed to ask for just one.

Puzzle A39 — Pine Tree

[M-10]Use shaggyTruncTriangle() in a function that prints a pine tree.

        |
       /|\
       /|\
      //|\\
     ///|\\\
      //|\\
     ///|\\\
    ////|\\\\
     ///|\\\
    ////|\\\\
   /////|\\\\\
    ////|\\\\
   /////|\\\\\
  //////|\\\\\\
   /////|\\\\\
  //////|\\\\\\
 ///////|\\\\\\\
  //////|\\\\\\
 ///////|\\\\\\\
////////|\\\\\\\\
       |||
       |||
       |||

void center(char left, char cent, char right, int count, int length)
{
}

void shaggyTruncTriangle(char left, char cent, char right, int base, int top, int line)
{
}

void pineTree( int tiers )
{
}
  
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
  pineTree(8);  
  
  system("PAUSE");	
  return 0;
}

Puzzle A40 — Solid Circle

[H-10]Write a function that prints a solid circle of stars.

      *******
    ***********
   *************
  ***************
  ***************
 *****************
 *****************
 *****************
 *****************
 *****************
 *****************
 *****************
  ***************
  ***************
   *************
    ***********
      *******

Do this using a doubly nested loop that iterates through all rows and all columns. If the distance a particular row and column is from the center of the circle is less than the radius, print a star. Otherwise print a space. Use the Pythagorean theorem to calculate the distance squared. The center of the circle is at (row, col) == (radius, radius). Don't use center() for this.

#include <stdio.h>

void circle(int radius)
{
}
  
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
  circle(9);  
  system("PAUSE");	
  return 0;
}

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