created 06/19/2003; edited 07/22/15
For these programming exercises, use only those instructions that have been discussed so far in these notes:
add mfhi sll addi mflo sra addiu mult srl addu multu sub and nor subu andi or xor div ori xori divu In the Settings menu of SPIM set Bare Machine ON, Allow Pseudo Instructions OFF, Load Trap File OFF, Delayed Branches ON, Delayed Loads ON, Mapped IO OFF, Quiet OFF.
Run the programs by setting the value of the PC to 0x400000 and then single stepping (pushing F10) or by multiple stepping (push F11 and enter a number of steps). Observing the results in the SPIM window.
Write a program to evaluate a polynomial,
similar to newMult.asm
from
the chapter.
Evaluate the polynomial:
3x2 + 5x - 12
Pick a register to contain x
and
initialize it to an integer value (positive or negative)
at the beginning of the program.
Assume that x
is small enough so that
all results remain in the lo
result register.
Evaluate the polynomial and leave its value in
a register.
Verify that the program works by using several
initial values for x
.
Use x = 0
and x = 1
to start since this will make debugging easy.
Optional:
write the program following the hardware rule that
two or more instructions must follow a mflo
instruction before another mult
instruction.
Try to put useful instructions in the two slots that follow
the mflo
.
Otherwise put no-op instructions, sll $0,$0,0
,
in the two slots.
Click here to go back to the main menu.
Write a program similar to divEg.asm
from the chapter
to evaluate a rational function:
(3x+7)/(2x+8)
Verify that the program works by using several
initial values for x
.
Use x = 0
and x = 1
to start since this will make debugging easy.
Try some other values,
then check what happens when x = -4
.
Click here to go back to the main menu.
Write a program
that multiplies the contents of two registers
which you have initialized
using an immediate operand with the
ori
instruction.
Determine (by inspection)
the number of significant bits in each
of the following numbers,
represented in two's complement.
Use the program to form their product and
then determine the number of significant bits in it.
Operand 1 | 0x00001000 | 0x00000FFF | 0x0000FF00 | 0x00008000 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Significant Bits | 13 | |||
Operand 2 | 0x00001000 | 0x00000FFF | 0x0000FFFF | 0x00001000 |
Significant Bits | 13 | |||
Product | 0X1000000 | |||
Significant Bits | 25 |
Click here to go back to the main menu.
Write a program that determines the value of the following expression:
(x*y)/z
Use x = 1600000
(=0x186A00),
y = 80000
(=0x13880),
and z = 400000
(=61A80).
Initialize three registers to these values.
Since the immediate operand of the
ori
instruction is only 16 bits
wide, use shift instructions to move bits
into the correct locations of the registers.
Choose wisely the order of multiply
and divide operations so that the
significant bits always remain in
the lo
result
register.
Click here to go back to the main menu.